Last Updated on Jun 12, 2025 by Leave a Comment
Chhath Puja is a festival of faith celebrated on the sixth day of Kartik Shukla Paksha. The pious celebration is primarily held in the Indian state of Bihar. Chhath festival or Shashthi Puja is a famous festival of Hindu belief celebrated on Shashthi of Kartik Shukla Paksha. Chhath Puja starts 6 days after Diwali.
The Hindu religious scriptures clearly delineate the hymns and praises of the Sun God elaborately. However, it is the Rig Veda only that dignified Sun God on elated levels through divine enchanting. These enchanting are manifested in the form of verses and relate to the metaphysical manifestation. Sun God is regarded as an elixir of life, and with his divine presence, all mundane activities sustain themselves in a definite order. All planets including the Earth revolves around the Sun, and as the result of this revolution, the invigorating rays originate life. The rays emanating from Sun God help in maintaining, the days and the nights, the seasons and the galactical movements. The energy of Sun God perpetuates vitalities in elements. Praying the Sun God and enchanting Gayatri Mantra brings prosperity in life and such people enjoy endearing moments with fulfillment of the purpose.
The belief is that once Lord Rama sought the blessing of Sun God on the suggestion Rishi August. Lord Rama recited Aditya Hridaya Stotra, which is believed to strengthen one's inner métier while summoning the benevolence of the Sun.
Even Lord Sri Krishna the supreme God Head once invoked Sun God to heal the Leprosy of his son Sambh (born from Jamvanti). Likewise, the great poet Mayur wrote Sri Suryashtakam to cure himself of leprosy. King Satrajita prayed to Sun God, after which he was gifted with legendary and divine jewel named – Syamantaka, which gave out gold.
The divine mother Shashti (Chhathi) alias Devsena is a provider and protector of children. She is regarded as the mother of Vanaspatis too. She protects the pregnant mother and helps her in the birth of offspring. According to the legends, Priyavrata, the younger son of Swayambhu Manu had a child born to him, and the child was given life after prayers were offered to Devsena.
At the behest of Goddess Shashthi, King Priyavrat observed the fast on the Shashthi Tithi of the Shukla Paksha of Kartik month with full rituals. By the grace of the Goddess, he soon got a healthy son. After getting his son back, the king told the people of the city about the glory of Shashthi Devi. And from this point onwards, Chhati Pujan is organized in Sanatana Dharma cult.
According to Indian astrological system, the creator, also referred to as destiny, demarcates good and bad deeds of a child on his forehead with his lotus hands. Acharya Varahamihir, the inventor of Indian astrology, while determining the birth places of the nine planets, saw the first appearance of the Sun in Angadesh (the place of Bhagalpur). In ancient times, the new moon of the month of Kartik was considered the last night of the Samvatsar, also called Kaalratri.
The next day, i.e. on Kartik Shukla Pratipada, the first ray of the sun appeared in Jyotishpur and the full sunrise occurred in Angadesh. This is considered to be the place of origin of the sun. This is believed to be the place of origin of the Sun. This is the reason that even today the enthusiasm and impact of celebrating Shashthi festival in Bihar is more than seen in any other part of the world.
The sixth day from Pratipada is the Shashthi of Shukla Paksha. It is the protector of the soul of all living and non-living things, Lord Surya, and the provider of longevity. In Bihar, it is also called Daala Chhath. Every human being has the right to observe this Shashthi fast, irrespective of his caste, religion, clan, creed or sect.
The rules for observing this fast are described here and there in religious texts. Skanda Purana states that if the Shashthi tithi is Panchami Vedhi, then it should not be observed on that day, but it should be observed when Shashthi is pure or coincides with Saptami. This sixth festival is a three-day fasting festival that is completed in three days. It starts from the fourth day and continues with a time of food on the fifth day and fasting on the sixth day.
On the sixth day in the evening when the Sun God is setting, women wearing new clothes and ornaments offer fruits, sweets or other dishes prepared with wheat flour, jaggery and pure ghee and offered to a reservoir, river or holy water body. Offerings are made to the setting sun with milk, curd, ghee, rice, durvaankur or kushagra, barley and water along with Ashtarghya or milk, water, fruits, flowers, sugarcane etc. After taking rest at night, reach the bank of a river or pond during Brahmamuhurt and wait for sunrise. At the time of sunrise, when the redness starts appearing on the eastern horizon, then once again offer morning prayer to Sun God, and conclude the Shashthi Pujan. After that, distribute prasad and take the prasad yourself before completing the ritual.
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Chhath Puja in not a regional festival, rather it has taken a global character with Indian diaspora living in different parts of the globe organize Shashthi Pujan, offering sweets or other dishes prepared with wheat flour, jaggery and pure ghee.
Sherry is a creative soul and an enthusiastic writer who likes to explore different countries and cultures. Her love for travelling shines through her writings. You’ll either find her immersed in another rom-com or planning her itinerary for her next trip. A cinema lover, traveler, and writer, what a combination!
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